Its smart to keep an eye on B12 levels to adjust treatment as needed
Common reasons include: Pernicious anemia , an autoimmune condition affecting intrinsic factor production Gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohns disease or celiac disease Prolonged use of certain medications, like proton pump inhibitors Knowing these causes helps spot at-risk people
Mood changes such as irritability, depression, or anxiety, as well as numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, can also be linked to low B12 levels
Severe, long-standing damage may take longer or may be permanent, which is why early treatment matters
Discuss options with a clinician to match safety, evidence, and personal medical history
What are B12 injections, and how do they work